2、 How to Be Wiser?
Wisdom is something that's hard to define and yet somehow we know it when we see it.The wise people can be thoughtful and selfreflective.They can recognize the limits of their own knowledge，consider alternative perspectives，and remember that the world is always changing.The wise people tolerate uncertainty and remain optimistic that even tricky problems do have solutions.They can judge what is true or right.
Wisdom isn't an innate quality—we can be wise and unwise in different situations.Igor Grossman of the University of Waterloo in Canada found that some people appeared to be wise in one situation，but not in another.So why are there differences in different situations? People were wiser when they were with their friends.It made them more likely to have the bigger picture，to think of other perspectives and to recognize the limits of their own knowledge.When people were alone they seemed to get so involved in a situation that they didn't even think about alternatives.This means wisdom might be more common than we think.
Some people still displayed more wisdom than others and some were more foolish，but not across every situation.This provides hope.If we can be wise sometimes，maybe we can learn to be wise more often.The question is how to do it.For Cornell University psychologist Robert Sternberg，wisdom is all about balance.Following Sternberg's model，what you need to do is to remember to work out what all the different interests are in a given dilemma，both in the short and long term and to pay attention to the changing environment and how it might be shaped.Talking about yourself with another person can help.In a kind of school of wisdom，Grossman has experimented with different strategies in the lab.People were taught to take a different perspective by imagining they were taking a bird'seyeview of the situation.The idea is to try to distance yourself from the immediate experience.So when I have a dilemma，I should be asking what others would do?
So can you set out to be wise? Yes，but there are lots of factors to remember.You need to take into account that people will have different goals，priorities and responses to your own.If you can juggle all that，you probably are showing wisdom.But the complexity shouldn't stop us from trying.As Grossman told me，“It's not that you suddenly become the next Buddha，but you do become a little bit wiser.”
How to Be Wiser?
11.________of wise people ·They consider things carefully and have a reflection by themselves.
·They have a good 12.________of their limits，alternative perspective，and the everchanging world.
·They tolerate 13.________things and believe they can solve the tricky problems.
·They can make a 14.________about what is true or right.
Situational changes ·When staying with friends，people tend to be wiser and more 15.______.
·When 16.________，people get too involved in a situation to think of alternatives.
Suggestions from experts ·Be clear what the various 17.________ are and pay attention to the changing environment.
·Take a different perspective to 18.________yourself from the present dilemma.
Reminders from the author ·You should 19.________for the different goals，priorities and responses.
·20.________as it is，you should have faith in becoming a wiser.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。论述了如何成为一个智者。
11.Features/Characteristics/Qualities [信息归纳题。根据右栏中的内容可知该空应该填智者的特点/品格。]
12.knowledge/understanding/recognition [信息转换题。根据第一段第三句“They can recognize the limits of...”可知。]
13.uncertain/ambiguous [信息转换题。根据第一段第四句“The wise people tolerate uncertainty...”可知。]
14.judgment/judgement [信息转换题。根据第一段最后一句“They can judge what is true or right.”可知。]
15.thoughtful [信息转换题。根据第二段第五句“It made them more likely to have the bigger picture，to think of other perspectives...”可知。]
16.alone [直接信息题。根据第二段倒数第二句“When people were alone they seemed to get so involved in a situation that they didn't even think about alternatives.”可知。]
17.interests [直接信息题。根据第三段第六句“...to remember to work out what all the different interests are in a given dilemma...”可知。]
18.distance [直接信息题。根据第三段倒数第二句“The idea is to try to distance yourself from the immediate experience.”可知。]
19.allow [信息转换题。根据第四段第三句“You need to take into account that people will have different goals，priorities and responses to your own.”可知。]
20.Complex/Complicated [信息转换题。根据第四段倒数第二句“But the complexity shouldn't stop us from trying.”可知。]
